Organizations have a purpose, goals survival; go through life cycles and face problems of growth. They have a personality, a necessity in nature and are considered as micro companies have their socialization processes, its rules and its own history. All this is related to culture.
The idea of designing organizations as cultures (in which there is a system of meanings among its members) is a fairly recent phenomenon.
The Organizational Culture:
The concept of culture is new in terms of its application to business management. It is a new perspective that allows management to understand and improve organizations. The concepts that will arise then have achieved great importance, because due to a need to understand what happens in an environment and explain why some activities in organizations fail and others do not.
In reviewing all matters relating to culture, it was found that the majority of authors cited in the development of labour match, when relate organizational culture, both with the social sciences as with the sciences of conduct.
There are four types of organizational cultures:
Depending on the emphasis given to some of the following elements: power, roles, tasks and people. Based on this, the culture of power is characterized by being directed and controlled from a central power exercised by key people within organizations. The culture based on the role is usually identified with bureaucracy and is based on a clear and detailed description of the responsibilities of each position within the organization. The culture is primarily supported by tasks at work projects carried out by the organization and is geared towards obtaining concrete results in specific times. Finally, culture focused on people, as its name implies, is based on the individuals who make up the organization.
From a more general point of view, culture is defined as "the set of norms, values and ways of thinking that characterize the behavior of staff at all levels of the company, as well as the presentation itself of the image.
Importance of Organizational Culture:
The organizational culture is the backbone of the organization that is present in all functions and actions performed all its members. The culture born in society, is administered through the resources that society gives and represents an active factor that fosters the development of that society.
Culture determines how a company operates, it is reflected in strategies, structures and systems. The success of the transformation projects depends on the talent and the ability of management to change the culture of the organization agree to the demands of the environment. Within the conceptual framework, organizational culture has the peculiarity of demonstrations across conduct significant members of an organization, which facilitates behavior in the same and are identified mainly through a series of managerial and supervisory practices, as elements of organizational dynamics.
In different approaches on organizational culture has been observed that there are authors interested in seeing culture as an overview to understand the behavior of organizations, others have been inclined to get to know the leadership roles, the power of managers as transmitters of culture of organizations.
A culture is the particular way of doing things in a specific environment.
Characteristics of Culture:
Organizations, like fingerprints, are always unique. Points that have their own history, behavior, communication process, interpersonal relations, reward system, decision-making, philosophy and myths that, as a whole, constitute culture.
Moreover, culture is expressed in a given space and a particular place of which receives influences.
"The culture determines what people involved in it feel right and wrong, as well as their preferences in the way of being targeted."
It allows the individual to interpret correctly the demands and understand the interaction of different individuals and the organization.
Example:
In the case of the structure of a company if it wants to take an example, Mc'Donalds, this, like other organizations, possesses the characteristics raised previously,
The subjective culture is made up of customs, principles and values that companies Hamburgers possesses, in the case of Mc'Donalds Today these characteristics would be given by adapting it has done every different culture in which it has been established, fact that the people who serve have to have a full smile durantote all day, and dealing that its market is mostly interested in boys. This type of culture is also given for the way in serving the state, ie policies which employs, objectives and methodology that raises it uses to achieve those objectives.
This organization also has a dominant culture given by the values and principles previously marked. And subcultures given by the situations that should withstand the various branches, such as the same case, to be adapted, for example, the type of meat can eat in one region.
Mc'Donalds also must cope with the changes that arise such as changes to present the culture of children, and that despite a change in the ideology of the main consumers (children and adolescents) should maintain its "goal" original, is to sell hamburgers.
