Leading Lines
Another important form of composing is using leading lines to the subject. Leading lines is actually employed to direct the eye to the subject.The subject may or may not be positioned at the end of the leading line or the leading line may very well be the subject. But if the leading line goes from one vertex identified in the rule of thirds to another (diagonally), it will make an interesting picture.
Converging Lines
Converging lines is equally efficient in bringing the attention to the subject like leading lines. Here we are talking about parallel lines in real life or converging itself.The subject may or may not be positioned at the end of the converging line or the convering line may very well be the subject. Converging line help in lead the eye to the end point where they would meet. So it gives the curious eye of the viewer a path to the subject. Some examples of leading lines can be railway track, a hallway (corridor), inside a subway station etc.
Framing
Framing a subject always gives attraction and focus to the subject. Framing need not always be done using exactly a frame. Any object in the scenary that covers the subject can be treated as frame.Framing the subject requires careful attention because the frame that we use could compete for attention along with the subject. So careful review has to be done before choosing the framing object. It should not lead the viewer's eye away from the subject.The framing object used need not necessarily be in focus. Infact, it is better that the framing device is not in focus as it will not attract the attention.
Subject Size
The size of the subject compared to other objects can be an interesting technique used in the composition of a photograph. The brain always directs the attention to the largest thing present in a photograph.When the subject is positioned in such a way that it is the largest object in the photography, the brain unanimously ‘elects' the object as the subject. The techniques like DOF, Hyperfocal focusing etc can be very helpful in making the subject standout from the rest and yet make an intersting composition.Note in the example below, how statue of liberty is compared with people standing at the bottom. Without the people, it makes little sense for the brain to figure out the huge size of the statue.
